iGaming Terminology

A game aggregator connects casino operators to many game studios through one integration, handling game delivery, wallet calls and reporting.

A bonus buy lets a player pay a fixed multiple of their bet — often 50x to 100x — to enter a slot's bonus round immediately instead of waiting to trigger it.

Crash games are fast, simple casino games in which a multiplier rises from 1x until it randomly crashes; players win by cashing out before the crash.

Geo-location and geo-fencing are the checks that confirm where a player physically is, so an operator only accepts bets from jurisdictions where it is licensed.

Gross gaming revenue (GGR) is the total amount players stake minus the winnings paid back to them — the operator's revenue before bonuses, taxes and costs.

Hit frequency is the percentage of game rounds that produce any win at all, regardless of size — for example 25% means one spin in four pays something.

Hold percentage is the share of total stakes an operator actually keeps over a period: GGR divided by turnover, the realised counterpart of house edge.

House edge is the casino's built-in mathematical advantage on a game: the percentage of each bet it expects to keep, such as 2.7% on European roulette.

HTML5 is the browser technology that replaced Flash as the standard for building casino games, letting one game run on desktop and mobile without a plug-in.

KYC is how an operator verifies a player's identity, age and address around sign-up, as gambling licences and anti-money-laundering rules require.

Lifetime value (LTV) is the total net revenue a player is expected to generate over their whole relationship with an operator. It sets acquisition budgets.

A live dealer game is a casino table game run by a human dealer in a studio and streamed to players in real time, with bets placed through a digital interface.

Net gaming revenue (NGR) is GGR minus bonuses, gaming taxes and agreed fees such as payment costs — the figure affiliates and many partners are paid on.

A progressive jackpot is a prize that grows with every bet on a game or network of games, fed by a small slice of each stake, until one player wins it.

Provably fair is a cryptographic method, common in crypto casinos, that lets players verify after each round that the outcome was fixed before they bet.

Revenue share pays an affiliate or partner a percentage of the net revenue from the players they refer, for as long as those players stay active.

An RNG (random number generator) is the certified software that decides every outcome in an online casino game, producing results nobody can predict or alter.

RTP (return to player) is the share of all money wagered on a game that it pays back to players over the long run, expressed as a percentage such as 96%.

Turnover, or handle, is the total value of all bets placed over a period, before any winnings are paid out — the measure of betting volume, not revenue.

Volatility, or variance, is how a game spreads its wins at a given RTP: low volatility pays small amounts often, high volatility pays rarely but large.

A wagering requirement is how many times a bonus must be bet before winnings from it can be withdrawn, expressed as a multiplier such as 30x.

A white label casino is a ready-made online casino run on a provider's platform and licence, which the operator brands and markets as its own.